Research record
Overview
Name: Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide (VIP)
Abbreviation: VIP
Classification: Endogenous neuropeptide / immunomodulatory peptide
Amino Acid Length: 28 amino acids
Family: Secretin / glucagon peptide family
Endogenous Presence: Naturally produced in the central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and peripheral nerves
VIP is a naturally occurring signaling peptide involved in vasodilation, immune regulation, smooth muscle relaxation, and neuroendocrine communication.
Mechanism of Action
VIP exerts its effects through activation of VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors:
Stimulates adenylate cyclase → increases intracellular cAMP
Promotes smooth muscle relaxation and vasodilation
Regulates cytokine production
Modulates T-cell differentiation
Influences neurotransmission and gut motility
Key pathways:
Anti-inflammatory signaling via inhibition of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-12
Promotion of regulatory T-cell activity
Enhancement of epithelial barrier integrity
Pulmonary vasodilation and bronchodilation




